Title:
Ocular Autoimmune Systemic Inflammatory Infectious Study (OASIS) – Report 3: Posterior and Panuveitis
Sophia Seen, Rupesh Agrawal
Purpose:
The study aims to analyse and report the etiological patterns, clinical characteristics, utility of diagnostic tests, and ocular complications in patients with posterior and panuveitis, seen at a tertiary referral eye care centre in Singapore.
Methods:
The study included consecutive cases of posterior and panuveitis from the Ocular Autoimmune Systemic Inflammatory Infectious Study (OASIS) database from a single centre in Singapore from 2004 to 2014. A retrospective analysis of 344 consecutive new posterior and panuveitis cases, diagnosed at the ocular inflammation clinic was carried out. The etiologies were divided into infectious, non-infectious, idiopathic and masquerade syndrome. Descriptive analysis was performed and visual outcome and complications were reported.
Results:
Infectious etiology was more common among the younger patients (≤40 years) (n=94, 51.6%), while non-infectious etiology was more common among older patients (n=73, 54.1%) (p=0.000). Of the 162 patients with infectious etiology, the commonest was dengue (n=53, 32.7%). More patients with bilateral disease had a non-infectious etiology (49.4%) compared to the other etiologies (p=0.030). There were 55 patients (16.0%) who were immunocompromised, and majority of these patients had uveitis secondary to an infectious etiology (n=30, 54.5%).
The most common posterior segment sign was retinal vasculitis (n=113, 32.8%), followed by retinal detachment (n=52, 15.4%). The most common complication was epiretinal membrane (n=20, 12.3%) for the infectious group, cystoid macular oedema (n=12, 8.3%) for the non-infectious group, uveitic glaucoma (n=4, 14.3%) for the idiopathic group, and phthisis in the masquerade syndrome group (n=2, 20.0%).
Conclusions:
The proportion of etiologies in our cohort varies from other studies, with the commonest being dengue in our population. The statistical significance between age and etiology categories could be attributed to genetic and environmental variations. Complications differ between the various etiologies.